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Chapter 16 + Documents

Abolition of Slavery 
-Human affairs of slavery ended during 1780 to 1890. 
-The American and  French revolutions focused on the principles of natural rights.
-Quakers and protestant evangelicals in Britain were the first to make it known that slavery wasnt essential for economic progress.
-Slavery was necessary in the new era of  Industrila technology and capitalism either .
-The Great Jamaica Revot in 1831-1832 made Britain abolish slavery throughout their empires in 1833.
-Latin America countires abolished slavery by the 1850s, Brazil by 1888 and Eurpoean, African, and southern states in the US in 1861-1865
Nation & Nationalism
-The Atlantic Revolution  gave prominence to a kind of human community, known as a nation.
-Many great empires and small states governed culturally diverse societies 
-South & North America were made as new nations 
-Nationalism was proved to be very powerful in that it politically unified Germany & Italy. 
-Made Greek & Serbs assert independence from the Ottoman Empire and many more to follow .
-However, nationalism fueled rivalries among European derived states in the Americas
Feminist Beginnings
-3rd echo of the Atlantic Revolution 
-French Revolution raised the possibility of recreating human societies on new foundations and women insisted in ideals of liberty and equality but most failed.
-Author Mry Wollstirestraft was the earliest expression of a feminist consciousness
-First organized expression of new feminism wa sin Seneca Falls, New York in 1848
-European and American women seeked for access to schools, and universities
-By 1900, upper and middle class women  were able to access universities
-Women in some states of the US  could manage their own property apart from their husbands as well as their wages.
-Divorse laws were liberated in some places 
The feminist document was a description of the life of Kartini and her ideals as a Muslim french female. She was born in 1879 and grew up in a  large aristocratic Javanese  family. She wanted freedom, equality, and fraternity.  She was or had an arranged marriage but decided to meet her future husband beforehand to establish a promise that she would continue with her plans. She wanted to open schools for girls. She died 4 days after giving birth to her son and a number of  Katrini schools were established in her honor. She was an enlightenment leader.

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